> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://calcs.com/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Sign and Axis Conventions

Positive loads downwards (gravity direction)

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/6PuU-K_D_MascHz6/images/migrated/b7af5b3c1f97-file-woinxplcuf.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=6PuU-K_D_MascHz6&q=85&s=60188ed5ebbb5d2ee2dd93a725f9abee" alt="" width="1201" height="596" data-path="images/migrated/b7af5b3c1f97-file-woinxplcuf.png" />

Strong vs weak axis

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o/images/migrated/e46fadd4656e-file-nyumnbr9go.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o&q=85&s=309a8514a66d862b71a9b262d5f83e1d" alt="" width="1200" height="815" data-path="images/migrated/e46fadd4656e-file-nyumnbr9go.png" />

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/XO7fzDjaQ7IYQ3qi/images/migrated/19b3d105556d-file-qekhtxeejs.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=XO7fzDjaQ7IYQ3qi&q=85&s=9e682663eae9ecb96a35722cc0021ca7" alt="" width="1203" height="808" data-path="images/migrated/19b3d105556d-file-qekhtxeejs.png" />

Positive moment on the top, negative moment on the underside.

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/5zVEHycKpm3vA7at/images/migrated/461d90bf08ce-file-32klnh3mte.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=5zVEHycKpm3vA7at&q=85&s=4145bdd877dd877cc15c7b445300fd3a" alt="" width="939" height="331" data-path="images/migrated/461d90bf08ce-file-32klnh3mte.png" />

Downwards deflection (gravity direction) is negative

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o/images/migrated/d46e04115b89-file-jhsyc8h50z.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o&q=85&s=8fe1ee1025c488330fa92fb1db37a6e8" alt="" width="868" height="309" data-path="images/migrated/d46e04115b89-file-jhsyc8h50z.png" />

Reactions force positive upwards, moment positive anti-clockwise.

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o/images/migrated/e8702b14a95e-file-zrmahdkeuz.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o&q=85&s=7525e1e5dc4f78fe8044830fbd886329" alt="" width="943" height="310" data-path="images/migrated/e8702b14a95e-file-zrmahdkeuz.png" />

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o/images/migrated/e6e42508674e-file-8ai2fqeoqg.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=0BKfHfJWdoXOtU8o&q=85&s=50739aefa5e4d4ad45f909f90dc1b560" alt="" width="1196" height="1429" data-path="images/migrated/e6e42508674e-file-8ai2fqeoqg.png" />

<u>columns</u>

Bracing

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/7GJyORIkCuwKrW7N/images/migrated/2d538840c362-file-xeiedcxblo.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=7GJyORIkCuwKrW7N&q=85&s=4ad4b98b9c4b65d8bd2f97c81835a81f" alt="" width="887" height="111" data-path="images/migrated/2d538840c362-file-xeiedcxblo.png" />

Loads

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/E_1kb1vSSHohKQJH/images/migrated/59c3dc24a25d-file-xshzfyfxnu.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=E_1kb1vSSHohKQJH&q=85&s=95ca9447145fa25a8f2e60b31cd177fe" alt="" width="1108" height="497" data-path="images/migrated/59c3dc24a25d-file-xshzfyfxnu.png" />

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/7GJyORIkCuwKrW7N/images/migrated/2ae9d3922dca-file-pjtyvuybvh.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=7GJyORIkCuwKrW7N&q=85&s=2f857ccd3a7342e2e064079da2c0a73d" alt="" width="506" height="741" data-path="images/migrated/2ae9d3922dca-file-pjtyvuybvh.png" />