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# Design a Steel Column (LRFD) to AISC 360-22

> Design and analyze steel columns and posts to AISC 360-22 (LRFD). Multiple end fixities with traffic-light checks for moment, axial, and deformation.

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    <div className="calc-details-chips"><span className="calc-chip calc-chip--region">United States</span><span className="calc-chip calc-chip--primary">AISC 360-22 (LRFD)</span></div>
    <div className="calc-details-head"><span className="calc-card-icon">    <img src="https://mintcdn.com/clearcalcs/76EPoy-ubBj1vg6U/images/calculator-icons/395ce6140871ab700178af19a0d27ef3cde99155f2eb1c6eb7419822a07ff124.svg?fit=max&auto=format&n=76EPoy-ubBj1vg6U&q=85&s=db5f519ce45f16d594074f25409d5df6" alt="" width="24" height="24" loading="lazy" data-path="images/calculator-icons/395ce6140871ab700178af19a0d27ef3cde99155f2eb1c6eb7419822a07ff124.svg" /></span><p className="calc-details-name">Steel Column (LRFD)</p><a className="calc-details-run" href="https://app.calcs.com/new/sheet/steelColumnAISC360-22">Run the calc</a></div>
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<div className="calc-answer">
  Design hot-rolled steel columns and posts to AISC 360-22 LRFD, the current edition required for 2024 IBC projects. Checks cover axial section capacity, flexural and flexural-torsional buckling, and combined axial-plus-bending interaction. Column loads link from beams above to footings below so changes propagate automatically.
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Easily design and analyze steel columns and posts to AISC 360-22. With support for multiple end fixicities, and easy to understand traffic light checks for moment capacity, axial section capacity, and axial deformation, the Calcs.com steel column calculator enables the quick design of steel columns to American standards.

## Method & scope

| Property         | Detail                                                                                                                        |
| ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Design standards | AISC 360-22 (LRFD)                                                                                                            |
| Regions          | United States                                                                                                                 |
| Presets          | Generic Concentrically-Loaded Column, Interior Isolated Column, Exposed Outdoor Isolated Column                               |
| What it checks   | Structural analysis, Axial compression capacity, Flexural capacity, Combined axial compression and bending, Axial deformation |

#### Calculation method

The Steel Column (LRFD, AISC 360-22) calculator designs hot-rolled steel columns and posts using the latest edition of the AISC Specification. It runs a first-order structural analysis to determine demands, then applies AISC 360-22 capacity equations for all relevant limit states.

##### Structural analysis

The calculator performs FEA on the column as a beam-column, resolving axial forces, moments, and deflections under applied loads. End conditions (pinned, fixed, roller) are specified at each support. Concentrated axial and distributed lateral loads can be applied at any height. A first-order moment amplification factor accounts for P-delta effects, consistent with the assumption that the member is part of a braced frame.

##### Axial compression capacity

Nominal compressive strength follows AISC 360-22 Chapter E:

**utilization = Pu / (phi\_c \* Pn) ≤ 1.0**

where phi\_c = 0.90. Fcr is determined from the slenderness-based equations using the governing KL/r ratio. For doubly-symmetric shapes flexural buckling about the weak axis controls. For singly-symmetric and unsymmetric shapes, flexural-torsional buckling is additionally evaluated. Slender element reduction (Q factors) is applied per Section E7 where local buckling reduces the member's available strength.

##### Flexural capacity

Moment demands from eccentricity or lateral loads are checked per AISC 360-22 Chapter F:

**utilization = |Mu| / (phi\_b \* Mn) ≤ 1.0**

where phi\_b = 0.90. Compact, non-compact, and slender section classifications per Table B4.1b govern the applicable strength equations. Lateral-torsional buckling is evaluated based on the unbraced length relative to Lp and Lr.

##### Combined axial compression and bending

The AISC H1-1 interaction check covers simultaneous axial and biaxial bending demands:

* For Pu / phi\_c Pn ≥ 0.2: (Pu / phi\_c Pn) + (8/9) \* (Mux / phi\_b Mnx + Muy / phi\_b Mny) ≤ 1.0
* For Pu / phi\_c Pn \< 0.2: (Pu / 2 phi\_c Pn) + (Mux / phi\_b Mnx + Muy / phi\_b Mny) ≤ 1.0

This covers columns carrying gravity plus wind or seismic moments simultaneously.

##### Axial deformation

Axial shortening under factored loads is calculated and reported alongside strength checks for serviceability review.

##### Outputs

Results are displayed as color-coded utilization ratios for each limit state with full code clause references. The governing check, critical load combination, and section properties are summarized for straightforward QA.

## How to use it

<Steps>
  <Step title="Open the calculator">
    Open it from **Run calc** in the About this calculator panel above. To start from a typical setup, choose one of the presets listed there.
  </Step>

  <Step title="Enter your inputs">
    Work through the input sections from top to bottom. Click any input label to see its reference explanation, clause, conditions and assumptions. See [Checks, References, Conditions and Assumptions](/docs/running-calculations/checking-results/checks-references-conditions-assumptions).
  </Step>

  <Step title="Review the results and export">
    Check the utilization of each governing check in the summary, then export a PDF report. See [Views and Export](/docs/running-calculations/exporting-reports/views-and-export).
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Available presets

Each preset opens the calculator with a typical setup already entered.

| Preset                                                          | Open in Calcs.com                                                                                  |
| --------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| <span id="genericColumn" />Generic Concentrically-Loaded Column | [Run with preset](https://app.calcs.com/new/sheet/steelColumnAISC360-22?presetCode=genericColumn)  |
| <span id="isolatedColumn" />Interior Isolated Column            | [Run with preset](https://app.calcs.com/new/sheet/steelColumnAISC360-22?presetCode=isolatedColumn) |
| <span id="exposedColumn" />Exposed Outdoor Isolated Column      | [Run with preset](https://app.calcs.com/new/sheet/steelColumnAISC360-22?presetCode=exposedColumn)  |

## Common questions

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="What design method and code does this calculator use?">
    The calculator uses Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) per AISC 360-22, the current edition of the AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings. Factored load demands are compared against phi-reduced nominal capacities.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="What are the key inputs?">
    Key inputs include column height, end conditions (pinned, fixed, roller), axial loads with optional eccentricity, distributed lateral loads, and effective length factors Kx and Ky for strong- and weak-axis buckling. The section is selected from the AISC database or entered as a custom shape.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="What limit states does it check?">
    The calculator checks axial compressive strength for flexural buckling and flexural-torsional buckling, strong- and weak-axis flexural strength including lateral-torsional buckling, and combined axial compression plus biaxial bending interaction per AISC 360-22 Chapter H.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How does AISC 360-22 differ from 360-16 for column design?">
    AISC 360-22 includes updates to slender element reduction factors, revisions to the compression member strength provisions in Chapter E, and clarifications to the combined loading interaction equations. For most standard W-shape columns the differences in calculated capacity are minor, but 360-22 is the code edition required for projects filed under the 2024 IBC.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How do I set effective length factors (K-factors)?">
    Kx and Ky are entered as direct inputs. For braced frames a value of 1.0 (pin-pin) is conservative and commonly used. For partially restrained end conditions the alignment chart method or a rational buckling analysis can be used to determine more precise K-factors.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Can this calculator receive loads from a beam and pass axial load down to a footing calculation?">
    Yes, column axial load can be linked from beam reaction outputs above, and the resulting column base reaction links to a footing or base plate calculation below. Changes propagate automatically across the full load path.
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Next steps

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Steel Column Validation Examples" icon="calculator" href="/docs/calculators/us/columns/steel-column-validation-examples">
    Validation and design examples for steel columns to the 2016 AISC Specification, compared with AISC Companion examples.
  </Card>

  <Card title="United States Calculator Library" icon="list" href="/docs/calculators/us#steelColumnAISC360-22">
    Complete list of Calcs.com design calculators available for United States projects (AISC, ACI, NDS, ASCE 7, IBC, and related standards).
  </Card>

  <Card title="Design a Steel Column to CSA S16:19" icon="calculator" href="/docs/calculators/ca/columns/steelColumnCA">
    Design and analyze steel columns to CSA S16:19 with multiple supports and loads. Presets reduce repetitive data entry for Canadian projects.
  </Card>

  <Card title="Design a Steel Column (ASD) to AISC 360-22" icon="calculator" href="/docs/calculators/us/columns/steelColumnASDAISC360-22">
    Design hot-rolled steel columns and posts to AISC 360-22 (ASD). Checks axial compression, flexural buckling and combined axial and bending.
  </Card>
</CardGroup>